Brucellosis detection and the role of Brucella spp. cell wall proteins

Brucellosis remains an endemic zoonotic disease in many developing countries, causing great harm to public health and devastating losses livestock. One of the main reasons for low effectiveness anti-brucellosis measures is lack reliable methods diagnosing infected animals throughout their lifespan. Classical serological tests, such as tube agglutination test, rose Bengal plate complement fixation well commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, are based on detection antibodies cell wall polysaccharide antigens Brucella spp. smooth strains. As a result, they do not exclude cross-reactions with related bacteria fail differentiate between vaccinated animals. Over past decades, attempts have been made identify immunoreactive pathogen-specific protein antigens. To date, several studies investigated recombinant proteins, including best brucellosis humans. However, available results specificity sensitivity tests proteins ambiguous sometimes contradictory. This review aims provide overview current state knowledge diagnostic value outer membrane and/or periplasmic The goal future developments that may lead tests. Keywords: Brucella, diagnostics, assay, protein, protein.